Solar panel | Solar panel are components that change sunlight into using PV cells. These are an green and sustainable energy source, reducing reliance on carbon-based fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar collector is a device that absorbs sunlight to convert heat, typically used for hot water production or room heating applications. It successfully converts solar energy into thermal energy, cutting down on reliance on conventional energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Solar heat harnesses sunlight to generate thermal energy, which can be used for water heating systems, space warming, or electricity production. It is a renewable and eco-friendly technology that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a beautiful seaside town in West Sussex County, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a enchanting blend of beaches with soft sands, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic and historic-influenced country in the United Kingdom known for its wealthy cultural traditions, iconic landmarks, and lively urban areas like London. It boasts a mixed scenery of undulating terrain, old castles, and busy metropolitan areas that combine tradition with contemporary advancements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Daylight is the organic illumination emitted by the star, essential for existence on Earth as it supplies fuel for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also plays a role to our well-being by synchronizing our circadian rhythms and boosting vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electrical power is a type of energy generated by the movement of charged particles, primarily negatively charged particles. It fuels countless appliances and networks, facilitating modern life and tech innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Solar technology converts solar radiation directly into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor materials. It is a renewable power source that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are tiny particles with a reversed electric charge that orbit the nucleus of an atom, crucial in in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions influence the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | DC is the single-direction movement of electric charge, usually produced by battteries, electrical sources, and solar cells. It provides a constant voltage or current, causing it necessary for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A battery is a unit that holds chemical energy and converts it into electric power to operate various digital equipment. It consists of several electrochemical cells, each containing positive and negative electrodes interposed by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An photovoltaic system converts solar radiation directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is an eco-friendly energy option that reduces reliance on non-renewable energy sources and supports sustainable energy production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar inverter is a unit that changes direct current (DC) produced by solar panels into AC appropriate for domestic use and grid connection. It is essential for enhancing energy performance and providing safe, dependable energy output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that flips polarity periodically, typically used in home and commercial power supplies. It permits efficient transmission of electricity over great lengths and is defined by its voltage and current waveforms, commonly sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge regulator is a device that controls the voltage and current coming from a solar panel to avoid batteries from overcharging and damage. It provides optimal energy flow and prolongs the lifespan of the battery array. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a device used to measure the dimension, volume, or level of something accurately. It includes instruments like rulers, climate gauges, and manometers that provide precise readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | An solar tracker is a mechanism that automatically its orientation of solar panels to track the sun's movement throughout the day, maximizing energy absorption. This innovation enhances the efficiency of solar power systems by keeping maximum sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar power plants are large-scale plants that capture sunlight to generate electricity using numerous solar panels. They provide a renewable and renewable energy source, decreasing reliance on carbon-based fuels and decreasing carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Rooftop solar power involves installing photovoltaic cells on building roofs to generate electricity from sunlight. This green energy source helps cut down on reliance on fossil fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-integrated solar power system converts sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a renewable energy solution. It improves energy efficiency and decreases reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to gain potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar power satellite is an artificial satellite equipped with solar panels that collect sunlight and transform into electrical energy. This electricity is then beamed to our planet for utilization as a sustainable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home power storage systems store excess electricity generated from renewable energy or the power grid for subsequent consumption, boosting energy independence and effectiveness. These systems generally use batteries to provide backup energy, lower energy costs, and assist grid stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The timeline of solar cells documents the advancement and improvements in solar power tech from the beginning invention of the solar effect to contemporary high-efficiency solar panels. It showcases key breakthroughs, including the invention of the first silicon solar cell in 1954 and continuous innovations that have significantly enhanced power transformation and cost-effectiveness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Becquerel was a French physicist by profession famous for his groundbreaking work in the study of the photoelectric effect and luminescent phenomena. His research laid the basis for understanding how illumination interacts with specific materials to create electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a British electrical engineer and scientist known for finding out the photo-conductive property of selenium in 1873. His work formed the basis for the development of the photoconductive cell and advancements in initial photography and electronic systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | Selenium is an free platform used for automating web browsers, enabling testers to simulate user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports various programming languages and web browsers, making it a versatile tool for automated. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a British physicist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of luminescence and optical science, particularly the discovery of the polarization effect of light reflected from clear materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was a an American creator who developed the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His innovative work established the groundwork for the modern photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-burning power plant generates electricity by combusting coal to produce vapor that powers turbines connected to generators. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an American scientist credited with finding the solar cell and improving the understanding of semiconductor. His work laid the foundation for modern solar power technology and the development of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a renowned research and development organization traditionally associated with AT&T, known for groundbreaking innovations in communications, computer science, and materials research. It has been the source of numerous groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and number 14, widely known for its essential role in the fabrication of electronic devices and solar cells. It is a solid, brittle solid solid with a blue-grey metallic luster, mainly utilized as a electronic component in the electronic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A micro-inverter is a little unit installed on each solar module to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) locally. This approach increases system efficiency, enables improved performance monitoring, and boosts energy production in solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A photovoltaic cell is a unit that turns sunlight immediately into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. It is often used in solar arrays to provide a sustainable and sustainable energy resource. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | An PV (photovoltaic) system converts over sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a renewable energy technology that delivers sustainable power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | An photon serves as a basic particle that represents a packet of light and other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and momentum without containing rest mass. It serves a crucial role in the interactions between matter and electromagnetic fields, allowing phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The photovoltaic effect is the process by which specific substances transform sunlight immediately into electricity through the production of charge carriers. This event is the core concept behind solar panel systems, enabling the harnessing of solar sunlight for power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | A wafer in electronics is a slim slice of chip material, usually silicon, used as the substrate for fabricating integrated circuits. It functions as the primary platform where microprocessors are built through processes like doping, etching, and lamination. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a highly pure form of silicon used mainly in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic components due to its superb semiconductor properties. Its structured, neat crystal lattice enables optimal electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin-film photovoltaic devices are a type of solar energy technology characterized by their light, flexible design, and capacity for large-area manufacturing at a more affordable price. They use strata of semiconductor substances a few micrometers thick to convert sunlight into electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the static forces exerted by the weight of construction parts and fixed equipment, while live loads are temporary forces such as people, fixtures, and environmental factors. Both are critical considerations in engineering design to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits connect components in a line, so the identical current passes through all devices, while parallel circuits connect components between the identical voltage source, allowing various paths for current. These arrangements influence the circuit's overall resistance, current distribution, and voltage reductions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrification represents the rate at which electric power is conveyed by an electrical network, mainly utilized for powering devices and appliances. Produced through various sources such as fossil fuels, atomic energy, and renewable energy, and crucial for contemporary living. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A watt is a standard of energy conversion in the SI system, representing the measure of energy flow or transformation. It is equal to one joule per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electrical pressure difference between two points, which pushes the movement of electrical current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and represents the power per unit charge accessible to transport electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A electromotive force is the base unit of electrical potential, potential difference, and voltage in the SI system. It measures the electric energy per coulomb between two points in an circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the flow of electrical charge through a conductor wire, usually measured in amps. It is necessary for powering electronic devices and allowing the functioning of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Ampere represents the measure of electric current in the SI units, represented by A. It quantifies the flow of electrical charge through a wire over a time span. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load indicates the amount of electrical power or current demanded by equipment and Electrical load in a circuit. It influences the design and capacity of power systems to maintain reliable and efficient energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical casing used to securely contain wire connections, providing a central point for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures neat and secure connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 plug is a conventional photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a reliable and dependable manner. It features a snap-in design with waterproof sealing, ensuring durability and optimal electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power delivers a simple and consistent method of supplying electrical energy to devices through standard ports. It is frequently used for powering and feeding a broad range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power inverter is a device that transforms direct current (DC) from inputs like cells or solar panels into AC suitable for home devices. It enables the operation of common electrical appliances in environments where only direct current electricity is accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack is an collection of multiple individual batteries created to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. It provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar tracking systems automatically regulate the orientation of photovoltaic panels to follow the sun’s path throughout the day, optimizing power intake. This system increases the performance of photovoltaic energy harvesting by ensuring best panel orientation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to enhance the power generation of solar energy systems by constantly tuning the performance point to align with the optimal power point of the solar cells. This methodology ensures the best performance energy extraction, especially under differing environmental factors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | An power optimizer functions as a device used in solar energy systems to optimize energy output by separately optimizing the performance of each solar panel. It enhances overall system efficiency by reducing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar performance monitor is a tool that monitors and evaluates the performance of solar power systems in real-time, delivering valuable data on energy generation and system condition. It helps maximize solar power output by identifying problems ahead of time and securing highest performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are flexible, multi-purpose photovoltaic devices made by depositing slim layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a cost-effective and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in multiple portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Photovoltaic cells convert solar radiation directly into electricity through the solar energy conversion process, making them a eco-friendly energy source. They are commonly used in photovoltaic modules to generate electricity for homes, devices, and full solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of many tiny silicon crystals, commonly used in photovoltaic panels and microchip production. Its production involves melting and reforming silicon to generate a ultra-pure, polycrystalline form suitable for electronic devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Monocrystalline silicon is a high-purity variant of silicon with a single lattice arrangement, making it highly efficient for use in solar cells and electronics. Its homogeneous formation allows for better electron flow, resulting in better functionality compared to alternative silicon forms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | Cadmium telluride photovoltaics are a kind of thin film solar system that offers a affordable and efficient solution for massive solar energy production. They are their great absorption performance and moderately low manufacturing expenses versus traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic devices are flexible photovoltaic devices that employ a composite material of Cu, In, Ga, and Se to transform sunlight into electricity efficiently. They are noted for their excellent light capturing performance, flexibility, and capability for portable, economical solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Amorphous form of silicon is a amorphous molecular arrangement, making it more flexible and easier to deposit than ordered silicon. It is frequently used in thin-film solar cells and electronic components due to its cost-effectiveness and flexible features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Next-generation photovoltaic modules aim to exceed traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing state-of-the-art materials and innovative techniques such as multi-layered stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on optimizing energy conversion, lowering costs, and broadening applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-structured solar panels are advanced photovoltaic modules that utilize various p-n connections stacked together to capture a more extensive spectrum of the solar spectrum, substantially enhancing their efficiency. They are mainly used in space satellites and advanced solar power systems due to their superior energy transformation capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Spacecraft solar arrays are essential devices that transform solar radiation into electric power to supply onboard instrumentation. Usually lightweight, durable, and crafted to function effectively in the harsh environment of space. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of multiple elements, typically involving a metal and a non-metal, used in high-speed electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer superior performance in applications such as laser devices, LEDs, and high-frequency switching devices compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | GaAs is a compound-based semiconductor famous for its excellent electron mobility and efficiency in high-speed and optoelectronic applications. It is commonly used in components such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV utilize focusing elements or mirrors to direct sunlight onto highly efficient multi-band solar cells, substantially improving energy transformation efficiency. This technique is suitable for large-scale solar power plants in areas with direct sunlight, offering a economical option for high-demand energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Flexible silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its slim and bendable form factor. It offers a economical alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic cell utilize a ultra-thin layer of copper indium gallium selenide as the solar semiconductor, known for superior performance and bendability. They offer a easy-to-handle, economical alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels with great output in various environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film describes a fine layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in multiple technological fields. These coatings are essential in electronic systems, optical systems, and coverings for their special physical and chemical features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Building-mounted solar PV systems harness the sun's rays to generate electricity directly on rooftops of buildings, providing a renewable and economical energy solution. They help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, reduce electricity bills, and contribute to eco-preservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A thin film is a stratum of substance covering a few nanometers to several micrometers in dimension, often coated on surfaces for functional applications. These films are used in diverse fields, including electronic devices, light manipulation, and medicine, to change surface traits or create specific device functionalities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometers are measurement the same as one-billionth of a meter, commonly used to describe minuscule distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are important in fields like nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for measuring structures and particles at the nanoscale. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Measuring tools are precision measuring instruments used to accurately measure small distances or widths, commonly in manufacturing and manufacturing. They feature a adjusted screw device that allows for exact readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon slice is a narrow, ring-shaped section of silicon crystal used as the substrate for producing semiconductor devices. It serves as the core material in the fabrication of ICs and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film photovoltaic devices known for their excellent performance and bendability, ideal for various uses. They utilize a layered semiconductor architecture that converts sunlight straight into electrical energy with remarkable efficiency in low-light settings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon silicon is a form of silicon used in solar panels, characterized by its many crystal grains that give it a grainy appearance. It is known for being economical and having a comparatively high efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Solar PV systems convert sun rays directly into energy using PV cells, providing a green energy source for home, business, and grid applications. They provide a eco-friendly, renewable, and economical way to reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a light-to-electricity device that converts sunlight into electrical energy using a photosensitive dye to take in light and produce electron flow. It offers a affordable and flexible alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells, with potential for see-through and lightweight applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot photovoltaic cells utilize nanosized semiconductor particles to enhance light absorption and energy conversion through quantum size effects. This technology offers the possibility for lower-cost, adaptable, and highly efficient solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic photovoltaic devices are photoelectric devices that use carbon-based compounds, to convert sun's energy into electric power. They are easy to handle, flexible, and enable cost-effective, broad solar power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Cu) Zinc Tin Sulfide is a potential semiconductor substance used in laminate solar panels due to its abundant and safe elements. Its favorable optoelectronic properties make it an appealing alternative for green photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics integrated solar building solutions seamlessly incorporate photovoltaic technology into the design of architectural elements, such as roof surfaces, building exteriors, and glazing. This innovative approach enhances energy efficiency while maintaining aesthetic appeal and structural performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to pass through a material with little distortion, allowing objects behind to be seen clearly. Translucency permits light to scatter through, hiding detailed view but yet still permitting shapes and light to pass through. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves the process of applying a thin film to the inside or outside of vehicle or building glazing to cut down on glare, heat, and UV rays. It enhances privacy, improves energy efficiency, and gives a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A collection of photovoltaic power stations overview various extensive solar energy installations around the planet, demonstrating their capacities and sites. These facilities play a vital role in green energy generation and worldwide efforts to reduce carbon pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic energy plants are extensive installations that turn sunlight straight into electricity using solar panels. They play a vital role in renewable energy generation, cutting dependence on coal and oil, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Eco concerns encompass a wide range of issues such as contamination, global warming, and deforestation that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collective efforts to promote green approaches and protect wild habitats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Sustainable power comes from environmentally friendly sources that are constantly replenished, such as sunlight, air currents, and water. It offers a eco-friendly option to traditional fuels, decreasing ecological footprint and enhancing long-term energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-renewable energy sources, such as lignite, oil, and natural gas, are limited reserves formed over millions of years and are depleted when used. They are the chief power sources for power production and transportation but pose ecological and renewability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electrical energy creation involves converting various energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, nuclear energy, and renewable resources into electrical power. This process usually takes place in power plants where turbines and generators work together to produce electricity for distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are dense, harmful elements such as plumbum, mercury, Cd, and As that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar-cell efficiency measures how effectively a solar panel generates sunlight into convertible power. Enhancing this efficiency is crucial for optimizing renewable energy output and cutting reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric phenomenon occurs when radiation shining on a metal surface ejects electronic particles from that surface, demonstrating the particle-like behavior of light. This phenomenon provided critical proof for the development of quantum mechanics by showing that light energy is quantized. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Accelerated life testing involves subjecting products to elevated stresses to speedily determine their durability and predict their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps identify potential failures and boost product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The expansion of photovoltaics has quickened rapidly over the past decade, driven by technological advancements and cost reductions. This growth is revolutionizing the international energy scene by boosting the percentage of clean solar power in power production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar refers to large solar power installations intended to generate electricity on a commercial scale, supplying power directly to the grid. These sites typically cover large areas and utilize PV modules or thermal solar systems to produce renewable energy cost-effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optical element is a clear instrument that bending light to bring together or diverge rays, creating images. It is frequently used in devices like camera units, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for improved vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The angle of incidence is the angle between an incoming light ray and the perpendicular line orthogonal to the surface at the point of contact. It controls how light behaves with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction behaviors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-reflective coating is a delicate film applied to lens surfaces to minimize reflections and improve light transmission. It boosts the clarity and luminosity of lenses by minimizing unwanted reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when two waves meet in such a way that their amplitude levels negate each other, causing a decrease or full disappearance of the resultant waveform. This phenomenon usually happens when the waves are out of phase by half a cycle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC refers to an electric current that changes polarity, commonly employed in power supply systems. Its voltage varies in a sinusoidal pattern over time, enabling efficient transmission over large spans. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A compact inverter is a miniature component used to transform direct current (DC) from a individual solar module into alternating current (AC) suitable for home applications. It enhances system performance by maximizing power output at the panel level and eases setup and service. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | Alternating current power, or AC power, is electricity delivered through a setup where the potential difference and electric flow periodically reverse direction, enabling optimized transmission over long distances. It is commonly used in homes and commercial sectors to operate multiple appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC plug is a kind of electrical plug used to provide DC energy from a energy source to an device. It typically consists of a tube-shaped plug and socket that ensure a secure and trustworthy attachment for various electronic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | Underwriters Labs is a worldwide security certification agency that assesses and approves products to guarantee they meet particular protection requirements. It supports consumers and businesses identify trustworthy and protected products through rigorous review and examination methods. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series-connected circuits are electronic networks in which components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current flow. In this arrangement, the constant electric current passes through all components, and the total voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electrical circuits where parts are connected across the same voltage source, giving multiple routes for current flow. This configuration allows units to operate independently, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | A diode serves as a electronic device that permits current to move in one sense exclusively, serving as a one-way valve for electrical current. It is used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in circuit systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An vehicle auxiliary power outlet is a connection, typically 12 volt, intended to deliver electrical energy for different devices and attachments inside a car. It permits users to recharge electronic electronics or use small devices when on the go. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a protocol for connecting peripheral hardware to computers, facilitating data transmission and power delivery. It backs a wide range of devices such as keypads, mouses, external storage, and smartphones, with various versions offering increased speeds and improved performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency relates to the ratio of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell converts into generated energy. Improving this efficiency plays a key role in increasing energy output and making solar power affordable and renewable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy federal research facility dedicated to research and development in renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. It is committed to advancing developments in solar, wind power, biomass energy, and additional renewable sources to enable a sustainable energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses all types of electromagnetic waves, ranging from radio signals to gamma radiation, featuring varied lengths and power. This spectrum is essential for a wide array of devices and the natural world, enabling data exchange, diagnostic imaging, and comprehension of the universe. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | UV light is a form of EM radiation with a wavelength shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays, primarily produced by the sun. It plays a crucial role in such as vitamin D synthesis but can also cause skin damage and skin aging caused by light. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a category of electromagnetic wave with extended wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Single-hued refers to a color design based on alterations of a individual hue, using various shades, tints, and tones to create balance and unity. This composition approach emphasizes clarity and elegance by maintaining consistent color elements throughout a design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the power of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, generally measured in watts/m². It is a important parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, indicating the strength of sunlight reaching a given area. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a standard unit used to calculate the intensity of radiation or power received or emitted over a defined area, often in disciplines including meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It aids in understanding the dispersion and conveyance of energy across surfaces, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the extent of different colors or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, perceptible or otherwise. It is commonly used to describe the dispersion of light or signal bandwidths in different scientific and technological areas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An air mass is a big body of air with comparatively consistent temp and moisture features, originating from certain starting zones. These air masses affect weather patterns and air situations as they pass through different regions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Sun's energy output is the measure of the intensity per square kilometer received from the Sun in the manner of solar rays. It fluctuates with solar phenomena and atmospheric factors on Earth, impacting climate and meteorological phenomena. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in solar energy refers to the collection of debris, and other particles on the panels of solar panels, which reduces their output. Consistent upkeep and maintenance are important to minimize energy waste and guarantee optimal efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage accessible from a power source when no current is flowing, measured across its terminals. It indicates the potential difference of a device when it is disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current is the highest electrical current that travels through a circuit when a reduced resistance connection, or short circuit, takes place, going around the normal load. It creates a significant safety hazard and can lead to damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a assessment of the highest power capacity of a solar array under perfect sunlight conditions. It indicates the module's peak capacity to produce electricity in standard testing environments . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A Volt meter is an measuring tool used to check the electrical potential between separate points in a electronic circuit. It is widely employed in different electrical and electronic fields to ensure proper electrical potential | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a occurrence in solar modules where high voltage stress causes a notable reduction in energy production and performance. It occurs due to current leakage and ion migration within the photovoltaic materials, leading to performance decline over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron is a metalloid element essential for plant growth and used in different industrial applications, like glassmaking and chip manufacturing. It exhibits special chemical traits that make it useful in creating robust, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring ideal tilt and orientation for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand environmental conditions while providing a solid and long-lasting foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A sun-powered power plant collects sunlight using vast arrays of photovoltaic panels to produce renewable electricity. It offers an eco-friendly energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined practice of employing land for both solar energy output and farming, making the most of space and resources. This approach improves crop production while at the same time producing renewable energy, encouraging sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar cells are solar energy devices able to absorb sunlight on both sides, boosting overall energy production. They are typically mounted in a way that improves effectiveness by leveraging albedo mirroring and reflected rays from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A sun-powered canopy is a installation that provides shade while creating electricity through embedded solar panels. It is frequently installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to merge environmental benefits with useful design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel system is a assembly of numerous solar modules configured to produce electricity from sunlight. It is often used in sustainable power systems to deliver renewable, eco-friendly power for different applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A patio shield is a construction that offers shade and shelter from the conditions for exterior areas. It improves the usability and aesthetic appeal of a courtyard, making it a comfortable space for rest and entertainment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the measurement between the upright line directly overhead and the line of sight to a celestial object. It is employed in astronomy and meteorology to represent the position of bodies in the heavens relative to an spectator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The azimuth angle is a horizontal angle measured clockwise a reference heading, typically true north, to the line linking an surveyor to a target object. It is often used in routing, land measurement, and astrophysics to define the orientation of an target with respect to the viewer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as falls from heights and electrical shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to rough climate and potential bodily injuries pose significant workplace risks in solar panel setup. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a semiconductor material commonly employed in thin film solar panels due to its superior efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It demonstrates excellent optical properties, making it a common choice for solar applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | A catalog of photovoltaics companies features the major manufacturers and suppliers specializing in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions across the globe. These companies are key in driving solar energy integration and advancement across multiple markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A GW is a unit of power equal to one billion watt, used to assess massive electricity output and consumption. It is commonly associated with power plants, national grids, and large-scale energy initiatives worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | The company First Solar is a worldwide leader in solar PV power solutions, focused on producing thin film-based solar panels that deliver excellent efficiency and affordable power output. The firm is focused on eco-friendly energy development and reducing the world dependency on fossil fuels through innovative solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology specializes in smoothly linking various elements of manufacturing and automated systems to improve performance and dependability. It aims on creating advanced solutions that facilitate seamless communication and interoperability among different tech platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic stands as a prominent Chinese corporation focused on the manufacturing and development of solar photovoltaic goods and services. Famous for its advanced technology and eco-friendly energy programs in the the renewable energy industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of energy equal to one billion W, often used to describe the ability of massive power production or consumption. It highlights the huge power magnitude involved in modern energy framework and technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Experience curve effects refer to the concept where the production cost reduces as cumulative output rises, due to learning and efficiencies obtained over time. This phenomenon highlights the significance of stored knowledge in reducing costs and improving productivity in manufacturing and other procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight straight into electricity through semiconductor substances, primarily silicon. This system is a environmentally friendly, renewable energy source that helps lessen reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the cost of generating solar or wind energy becomes the same as or less than the cost of buying power from the power grid. Achieving grid parity indicates that green energy sources are economically comparable with conventional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity is the primary electrical power supplied to homes and businesses through a network of power lines, providing a reliable source of energy for numerous appliances. It usually operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, based on the country, and is transmitted through alternating current (AC). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) pertains to all parts of a solar power system excluding the photovoltaic panels, such as inverters, racking, wiring, and other electrical hardware. It is essential for securing the effective and dependable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | The sun's power is absorbed from the sun's rays using solar cells to generate electricity or through solar heating systems to generate heat. It is a sustainable, eco-friendly, and environmentally friendly power supply that decreases dependence on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are commonly employed in home, business, and industrial sites to produce green, eco-friendly electricity from sunlight. They also power remote and off-grid locations, delivering green energy solutions where conventional power grids are unavailable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A list of solar energy items features a variety of tools that capture sunlight to produce energy, promoting green and sustainable living. These solutions include everything from solar chargers and lights to home equipment and outdoor gear, offering flexible solutions for energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | A solar energy facility is a installation that transforms sunlight immediately into electricity using photovoltaic panels. It is a green energy source that aids in decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems combine solar panels with other energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to deliver a reliable and efficient power supply. They enhance energy use by allocating renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | CPV use optical lenses or reflectors to focus sunlight onto high-performance photovoltaic cells, considerably boosting power output from less space. This approach is particularly effective where intense, direct sunlight and provides a promising approach to cut solar power costs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |